=============== Dictionary for PDIC =============== @ ø¸ ÿÿ;¡ÿÿÿÿ; ANOVAgrain problemody@@ grain problem€l‚¦’†een beard gene€—΂Ђ°ˆâ“`Žq 3:oup€W’c,ŒÂ‘ÌŒQ 1(population‚àW’c‚ƌ‘̌Q—¼•û‚Ŗ󂳂ê‚é) selection€W’c‘I‘ð 1ing criterion€?w(growth)€¬’· 10th spurt€¬’·Šú? 58habitat factor€ŠÂ‹«—vˆö(~¶‘§ŠÂ‹«ã‚Ì—vˆö,)10 [1/24KO]$eritability assumption€ˆâ“`—¦‚̉¼’èle€ˆâ“`‚µ‚¤‚é 2,Œp³‰Â”\‚È5<terogeneity€”ñ‹ÏŽ¿«?(disparity‚Ƃ̬“¯‚ð”ð‚¯‚é•K—v‚ ‚è?) 9&zygote superiority€ƒwƒeƒÚ‡Žq—D‰z 3uristic€”­Œ©–@“I‚È5,146ierarchical conceptions of evolution€i‰»‚ÌŠK‘w˜_ 2,3ominid€ƒqƒg‰È 10ogeneity€‹ÏŽ¿« ous€‹ÏŽ¿“I,“¯Ž¿“I 8 logy€‘Š“¯ 9/plasy€¬ˆö“I‘Š“¯,ƒzƒ‚ƒvƒ‰ƒV[(=analogy ‘ŠŽ—) 9st imprinting€? 5w actually explanation@15€?-possibly explanation€‚±‚¤‚©‚à‚µ‚ê‚È‚¢à–¾ 10@uman universals€••Õ“IlŠÔ“Á«(ƒqƒ…[ƒ}ƒ“¥ƒ†ƒjƒ”ƒ@[ƒTƒ‹?) 1,14implementation€ŽÀ‘• 7nactivate€•sŠˆ«‰»‚·‚é 6corporation€(—˜_‚Ì)‹zŽû 7dividual organism€¶•¨ŒÂ‘Ì 2,35formationally encapsulated€î•ñ“I‚ÉŽÕ•Á‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚é 13'heritance€ˆâ“`(Cf, transmission),Œp³5tegration€“‡ 6ractionism€‘ŠŒÝì—pŽå‹` 1,5% t consensus€‘ŠŒÝì—pŽå‹`ƒRƒ“ƒZƒ“ƒTƒXor€‘ŠŒÝì—pŽq 3variant€•s•Ï“Ikaka€ƒJƒJƒIƒIƒ€ 1po€ƒtƒNƒƒIƒIƒ€ 1ea€ƒ~ƒ„ƒ}ƒIƒIƒ€ 1ind€Ž©‘RŽí 7(—v–ó’?)landscape€’nŒ` 10guage instinct€Œ¾Œê“I–{”\ 1rge-scale€‘åˆæ“I(à–¾) 77w of independent assortment€“Æ—§•ª”z‚Ì–@‘¥(“Æ—§–@‘¥) 6#segregation€•ª—£‚Ì–@‘¥(•ª—£–@‘¥) 6ife cycle€¶ŠˆŠÂ 2mit€ŒÀŠE2(constraint §–ñ)neage€Œn—ñ,Œn“ 3, 4, 9ving system€¶–½ƒVƒXƒeƒ€ 10!ocal optimum€‹Ç’n“IÅ“K“_(?) 2,2mandatory€‹­§“I 13rine€…±(~…¶)10 [1/24KO]ss extinction€‘å—Êâ–Å 9ter molecules€ƒ}ƒXƒ^[•ªŽq5(te choice€”z‹ôŽÒ‘I‚Ñ(~‘I‘ð)10 [1/24KO]rial causes€•¨Ž¿“IŒ´ˆö 5%echanism€1 ƒƒJƒjƒYƒ€,2‹@\,3 ‹@ŠB˜_@iotic drive€ƒ}ƒCƒIƒeƒBƒbƒN¥ƒhƒ‰ƒCƒu/Œ¸”•ª—ô‹ì“®(‚Ç‚Á‚¿‚©,–¢Œˆ)ntal retardation€¸_’x‘Ø 5thylation€ƒƒ`ƒ‹‰» 3,5 igration€?odel organism€ƒ‚ƒfƒ‹¶•¨ 7ification€‰ü—Ç,‰ü—Ç•”•ª10-lecular Weismannism€•ªŽq“Iƒ”ƒ@ƒCƒXƒ}ƒ“Žå‹` 3 implementation€•ªŽq‚É‚æ‚éŽÀ‘• 7#nomorphic€’PŒ^‚Ì,14(¨polymorphic)0phyletic group€’PŒn“ŒQ(Cf, monophyly ’PŒn“) 9rphogenetic€Œ`‘ÔŒ`¬‚Ì 7saic trait€ƒ‚ƒUƒCƒN“IŒ`Ž¿ 13'ultiple realizability€‘½dŽÀŒ»‰Â”\« 7tation€“Ë‘R•ψ٠2norm of reaction€”½‰žŠî€ 1umerical taxonomy€”—Ê•ª—ÞŠw 9#obligate (obligatory)€â‘ΓI 8, 13fficial€ŒöŽ®‚Ì 4paque€•s“§–¾‚È 13/timality hypothesis€l‚¦’† 2,3,10(Å“K‰»‰¼à?) model€Å“K‰»ƒ‚ƒfƒ‹ 10Nrganism€¶•¨‘Ì,¶•¨,ŒÂ‘Ì(ꇂɂæ‚Á‚Ė󂵕ª‚¯‚é) 1,individual - :¶•¨ŒÂ‘Ì 2,31zation€‹@\(e,g, psychological -, social - ) 2,3utlaw gene€ƒAƒEƒgƒ[ˆâ“`Žq 3packet€(î•ñ‚Ì)‚ЂƂ܂Ƃ܂è 51raphyletic group€‘¤Œn“ŒQ(Cf, paraphyly‘¤Œn“) 9simony€Åß–ñ« 9erfection€Š®‘S‰» 2sistence€Ž‘±« 9 of type€Œ^‚ÌŽ‘±10Nhenetic species concept€•\Œ^(Œ`)Šw“IŽíŠT”O(phenetic species •\Œ^(Œ`)Šw“IŽí) 9otype set€•\Œ»Œ^W‡ 10ic control€•\Œ»Œ^‚ÌŽx”z 4  effect€•\Œ»Œ^Œø‰Ê 3  power€•\Œ»Œ^‚ւ̉e‹¿—Í 3,4  stability€•\Œ»Œ^‚̈À’è« 13 * threshold€•\Œ»Œ^—ÕŠE“_ 15(Dawkins 1995)  variation€•\Œ»Œ^‚̕ψ٠2 .ylogenetic and evolutionary species concept€?" plasticity€Œn“”­¶ã‚̉‘Y« 9 D species concept€Œn“Šw“IŽíŠT”O(phylogenetic species Œn“Šw“IŽí 9) ystematics€Œn“‘ÌŒnŠw 9 s€Œn“Šw 9 y€Œn“”­¶ sical boundary€•¨—“I‹«ŠE 8  cohesion€•¨—“I‹ÃW 8 divergence€g‘Ì“I•ªŠò 1, 12,3 iggyback€‘Šæ‚è 2,3 &lesiomorphic character€Œ´Žn“IŒ`Ž¿ 9 olygene€ƒ|ƒŠƒW[ƒ“,‘½ˆâ“`Žq 6 !morphic€‘½Œ^,14(¨monomorphic) 2phyletic group€‘½Œn“ŒQ(Cf, polyphyly ‘½Œn“) 9 typic€‘½Œ^‚Ì 9 1pulation€ŒÂ‘ÌŒQ,W’c(ꇂɂæ‚Á‚Ė󂵕ª‚¯‚é) 1  thinking€W’c(“I)Žvl1 3 -structured€\‘¢‰»‚³‚ꂽW’c(‚à‚¤­‚µl‚¦‚Ü‚·) 8  selection€?#verty of the stimulus€ŽhŒƒ‚Ì•n¢ ractical€–ð‚É—§‚Â,14 "e-empt€o‚µ”²‚­(pre-emption ) 1 ference€‘I‚èD‚Ý10 [1/24KO]ide€ƒvƒ‰ƒCƒh(à–¾•K—v‚©) 8 5mitive trait€‘cæŒ`Ž¿?(ancestral trait‚Æ“¯‚¶‚©?) 9 *nciple of antithesis€³”½‘΂̌´—,14 ,14'ocess structuralism€ƒvƒƒZƒX\‘¢Žå‹` 2mote€‘£i‚·‚é 2pensity theory€ŒXŒü«à 10 (sychological mechanism€S—ƒƒJƒjƒYƒ€ 1@path€¸_•aŽ¿ŽÒ,ƒTƒCƒRƒpƒX(psychopathy ¸_•aŽ¿,ƒTƒCƒRƒpƒV[) 1unctuated equibrium€’f‘±•½t 9$radiator theory€ƒ‰ƒWƒG[ƒ^[—˜_ 10met€ƒ‰ƒ~[ƒg 3 (cf, genet)nking criterion€?eading sequence€“ǂݔz—ñ 4yceived view€•W€“IŒ©‰ð2(¢Šù‘¶‚ÌࣂƂ¢‚¤’ñˆÄ‚à‚ ‚è,‚½‚¾received‚ɂ͊ù‘¶ˆÈã‚É¢L‚­—e”F‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚饈ê”Ê“I‚Å‚ ‚飂Ƃ¢‚¤ŠÜ‚Ý‚ª‚ ‚邯Žv‚í‚ê‚é‚Ì‚Å,‚Ƃ肠‚¦‚¸•W€“I‚Æ‚µ‚½byOTK)(¢Šù¬‚ÌŒ©‰ð£‚Æ‚¢‚¤–óŒê‚ɂ͢L‚­—e”F‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚饈ê”Ê“I‚Å‚ ‚飂Ƃ¢‚¤ŠÜ‚Ý‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·,‚Ü‚½,¢•W€“I£‚ɂ͢‚»‚¤‚ ‚é‚ׂ«£‚Æ‚¢‚¤ƒjƒ…ƒAƒ“ƒX‚ª“ü‚Á‚Ä‚µ‚Ü‚¢‚Ü‚·,by “c’†)(¢’èࣂƂ¢‚¤’ñˆÄ‚à‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·,by “c’†©Ž^¬‚µ‚Ü‚·!OTK)*description (redescribe)€‘‚«Š·‚¦(‚·‚é) 8"gulatory protein€’²ßƒ^ƒ“ƒpƒNŽ¿ 7 sequence€’²ß”z—ñ 7inforcement€‹­‰» 1‡latedness€ŒŒ‰(“x)(Cf, degree of relatedness ŒŒ‰“x),‹ß‰«(be closely related `‚̋߉Ží‚Å‚ ‚é,Cf, closely relative species ‹ß‰Ží) 1ional€—Þ‰ŠÖŒW“I 9,plicator€Ž©ŒÈ•¡»Žq 3(replication Ž©ŒÈ•¡»)+ selectionism€•¡»Žq‘I‘ðàor•¡»Žq‘I‘ðŽå‹` -first€? 15roductive isolation€¶BŠu—£ 2treat€“P‘Þ? 1+verse engineering€ƒŠƒo[ƒXƒGƒ“ƒWƒjƒAƒŠƒ“ƒOight€~ gene; “KØ‚È 1ng species€ŠÂóŽí? 93obust process explanations€ŠæŒ’‚ȃvƒƒZƒX‚Ìà–¾? 4ugged€‚Å‚±‚Ú‚± 15(Cf, smooth)saltation €’µ–ôi‰» 9$core keeping devices€“¾“_‹L˜^‘•’u 9egment€‘Ìß 10>regation distorter gene€•ª—£˜c‹Èˆâ“`Žq(=meiotic drive gene) 3!lect against ~€•s—˜‚É‘I‘ð‚³‚ê‚é Qfor ~€—L—˜‚É‘I‘ð‚³‚ê‚é(selection of‚ƑΔ䂳‚ê‚éꇂÍ,¢~‚»‚Ì‚à‚Ì‚ª‘I‘ð‚³‚ê‚é£) 4of ~€Œ‹‰Ê“I‚É‘I‘ð‚³‚ê‚é 4Yive environment€‘I‘ð‚ª‹N‚±‚éŠÂ‹« 8,(Ž©–¾‚ÈꇂÍ,¢‘I‘ðŠÂ‹«£‚Å‚à‚æ‚¢‚̂łͩ‚Å‚·‚Ë“c’†)10f-organization€Ž©ŒÈ‘gD‰» 15%xual dimorphism€«“I“ñŒ^ 10 [1/24KO]exclusion€«“I”rœ 13ide effect€•›ŽŸŒø‰Ê 10milarity€—ÞŽ—“x 9,ngle-cell bottleneck€’P×–Eƒ{ƒgƒ‹ƒlƒbƒN(?)3ster species€Žo–…Ží 9Pmall perturbation€”÷¬Û“® 1,(10͂łÍ,minor~ ‚𢂿‚å‚Á‚Æ‚µ‚½—h‚炬£‚Æ‚µ‚½,OTK)*ooth€‚Ȃ߂炩‚È 15 (Cf, rugged; Kauffman)ocial determinism€ŽÐ‰ïŒˆ’è˜_ 1pecialist€ê–副? 9tion€Ží•ª‰» 1es selection€Ží‘I‘ð 9 orting€Ží‘I•Ê? 9-area effect€Ží-—ÌˆæŒø‰Ê? 91tabilizing selection€ˆÀ’è«‘I‘ð 10,ˆÀ’艻‘I‘ð 103ndard social science model€ŽÐ‰ï‰ÈŠw‚Ì•W€ƒ‚ƒfƒ‹,14em species€”­’[‚ÌŽíructuralism€\‘¢Žå‹` 2&ubpopulation€‰ºˆÊŒÂ‘ÌŒQ,‰ºˆÊW’c 1, 2species€ˆŸŽí 1%version from within€“à•”‚©‚ç‚Ì“]•¢ 3perorganism€’´ŒÂ‘Ì 8ymplesiomorphy€‹¤—LŒ´ŽnŒ`Ž¿ 9napomorphy€‹¤—L”h¶Œ`Ž¿ 9stem of nature€Ž©‘R‚̑̌n 10atics€‘ÌŒnŠw9like€?'takahe€ƒmƒgƒ‹ƒjƒX(ˆê”Ê–¼‚Í¢ƒ^ƒJ‚Ö£) 10xon (taxa) •ª—ÞŒQ 12€? omic rank€? y€•ª—ÞŠw 9eleonomy€ƒeƒŒƒIƒmƒ~[ 10semantic theory€–Ú“IˆÓ–¡˜_à5trapoda€ŽlŽˆ—Þ 10#he bookkeeping argument€•ë‹L˜_–@ 3lgenefs eye view of evolution€i‰»‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈â“`Žq“IŽ‹“_(ch, 3‚̃^ƒCƒgƒ‹‚Í,¢ˆâ“`Žq‚Ì–Ú‚©‚猩‚½i‰»£‚É‚·‚é?)'invisibility argument€•s‰ÂŽ‹(«)˜_–@ 44tree of life €¶–½Ž÷10(~¶–½‚ÌŽ÷Œ`} 12,) [1/24KO]okogenetic relationships€? rait €Œ`Ž¿group€Œ`Ž¿W’c 8jectory problem€15nsmission€“`’B 6end€–¨,ŒXŒü 9wo-levelism€2ƒŒƒxƒŠƒYƒ€ 15$underlying gene€Šî‘b‚É‚ ‚éˆâ“`Žq? 1ity of type€Œ^‚̈ê’v 10variability€•ψ٫ 9 nt€•ψّÌ2×tion€•ψ٠1,genetic - :ˆâ“`Žq‚̕ψÙ,(C,f,p,36:¢ˆâ“`“I•ψ٣‚¾‚Æ,heritable‚Æ‚²‚Á‚¿‚á‚ɂȂé‚̂ł͂Ȃ¢‚©,p36‚Å‹­’²‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚é‚̂͢ˆâ“`Žq‚É‚¨‚¯‚飂Ƃ¢‚¤‚±‚Æ‚¾‚ÆŽv‚Á‚½‚Ì‚Å,¢ˆâ“`Žq‚Ì£‚Æ‚µ‚½byOTK),phenotypic- : •\Œ»Œ^‚̕ψÙety€•ÏŽí1,‘½—l«2!egetative reproduction€‰h—{¶B2hicle€æ‚蕨 2,3;isible to€‰ÂŽ‹“I(visible to selection‘I‘ð‚ɂƂÁ‚ĉŽ‹)4, 8wanton€—•ss‚È 9(D, Raup)sp€8Fhite crowned babbler€ƒVƒƒKƒVƒ‰ƒSƒEƒVƒ…ƒEƒ}ƒ‹ƒnƒV(babbler ƒ}ƒ‹ƒnƒV) 1young€Žá”N 2,3:ganti-realistg view of species€Ží‚Ì¢”½ŽÀݘ_£“IŒ©‰ð 2 gene for ~h€~‚Ì‚½‚߂̈â“`Žq 4 4just so storiesh€¢‚È‚º‚È‚º•¨Œê£(–ó’•K—v‚©)2,3, 10ANOVA@•ªŽU•ªÍ,ANOVA 5 mundson€ƒAƒ}ƒ“ƒhƒ\ƒ“ 10Bigelow€ƒrƒQƒ[ 10Cummins€ƒJƒ~ƒ“ƒY 10(Darwinfs theory€ƒ_[ƒEƒBƒ“‚Ìà?—˜_? 1$Godfrey-Smith€ƒSƒbƒhƒtƒŠ[ƒXƒ~ƒX 10Janzen, D,€ƒWƒƒƒ“ƒZƒ“ 3Lauder€ƒ[ƒ_[ 10evins€ƒŒƒ”ƒBƒ“ƒY? 2,3wontin€ƒŒƒEƒHƒ“ƒeƒBƒ“&orenz Konrad€ƒRƒ“ƒ‰[ƒg¥ƒ[ƒŒƒ“ƒc 10"Millikan, Ruth€ƒ‹[ƒX¥ƒ~ƒŠƒJƒ“ 10(ullerfs ratchet€ƒ~ƒ…ƒ‰[‚̃‰ƒ`ƒFƒbƒg 9$Neander, Karen€ƒJƒŒƒ“¥ƒlƒAƒ“ƒ_[ 10ijhout€ƒiƒCƒnƒE(‚¨‚»‚ç‚­) 4!Oyama, Susan€ƒX[ƒUƒ“¥ƒI[ƒ„ƒ} 5Pargetter€ƒp[ƒQƒbƒ^[ 10Reeve€ƒŠ[ƒ” 10Sherman€ƒVƒƒ[ƒ}ƒ“ 103terelny, Kim€ƒXƒeƒŒƒ‹ƒj[,ƒLƒ€(ƒXƒeƒ‹ƒŒƒ‹ƒj[)’˜ŽÒ*Vrba, Elizabeth€ƒ”ƒ‹ƒo,ƒGƒŠƒUƒxƒX(l–¼) 93active germ line replicator€”\“®“I‚ȶBŒn—ñ•¡»Žq;ual sequence explanations€Œ»ŽÀ‚̈ö‰Ê“I˜A½‚É‚æ‚éà–¾? 4, 71daptation@“K‰ž 2,10, Complex ~: •¡ŽG‚È“K‰ž 10  for ~ ~‚Ì‚½‚߂̓K‰ž 10., ism€“K‰žŽå‹` 9, 10edness €“K‰ž‚Ì“x‡‚¢ 12ive€“K‰ž“I 2,10 complexes €•¡ŽG‚È“K‰ž 125 explanation @“K‰ž“Ià–¾(~“K‰ž‚É‚æ‚éà–¾)10 [1/24KO] force €“K‰ž“I‚È—Í? 10 landscapes €“K‰ž“x’nŒ` pressure €“K‰ž“I‚Ȉ³—Í? 10 stability€“K‰ž‚̈À’è« 13 thinking€“K‰ž“IŽvl 10 ness€“K‰ž«(“K‰ž“I‚Å‚ ‚邱‚Æ)10ditive€‘ЉÁ“I 1 ult€¬‘Ì10 formÀ¬‘ÌŒ`10 ,¬‘ÌŒ`10 ,ffect programÀƒAƒtƒFƒNƒgƒvƒƒOƒ‰ƒ€,14 ,14 %lleleÀ‘Η§ˆâ“`Žq,ƒAƒŒƒ‹ 6,ƒAƒŒƒ‹ 6 5truism@—˜‘¼s“®,—˜‘¼Žå‹` 1, 8, —˜‘¼Žå‹`ŽÒ,—˜‘¼“IŒÂ‘Ì&nalogy@‘ŠŽ—(=homoplasy ¬ˆö“I‘Š“¯) 9 imal society@“®•¨ŽÐ‰ï 2.3 3ti-realist view of speciesŽí‚Ì¢”½ŽÀݘ_£“IŒ©‰ð 2 !pomorphic character@”h¶“IŒ`Ž¿ 9Dquatic ape hypothesis@…±—Þl‰Ž‰¼à(~ƒAƒNƒAƒeƒBƒbƒN¥ƒGƒCƒv‰¼à)100rgument from design@ƒfƒUƒCƒ“˜_Ø(_Šw“I‚È)? 10 %s-if interactor€‚ ‚½‚©‚à‘ŠŒÝì—pŽq 8utapomorphy@ŒÅ—L”h¶Œ`Ž¿ 9 !veraging fallacy@•½‹Ï‰»‚ÌŒë•T 4 ,unculate@ƒAƒ”ƒ@ƒ“ƒLƒ…ƒŒ[ƒg(•ê•ûfŒ §) 13 "background extinction@”wŒiâ–Å 9 #lance of nature€Ž©‘RŠE‚Ì‹Ït 1, 12sic emotion€Šî–{î“®,14uplan€ƒoƒEƒvƒ‰ƒ“10iodiversity€¶•¨‘½—l« 1%logical determinism€¶•¨Šw“IŒˆ’è˜_ 1 function€¶•¨Šw“I‹@”\ 10@ species concept€¶•¨Šw“IŽíŠT”O 9(biological species ¶•¨Šw“IŽí) ystem€¶•¨ƒVƒXƒeƒ€ 10 trait€10rd song€’¹‚Ì‚³‚¦‚¸‚è5lack stilt€ƒNƒƒZƒCƒ^ƒJƒVƒM 1,ody plan€ƒ{ƒfƒBƒvƒ‰ƒ“(~‘̧)1(©—v’ù³),10ridge law€‹´“n‚µ–@‘¥ 7principle€‹´“n‚µŒ´— 7%oad individualism€L‹`‚̌‘̑I‘ðà 8uilding block€•”•i5acanalization@ƒJƒiƒŠƒ[[ƒVƒ‡ƒ“(~‰^‰Í‰»)7, developmental canalization ”­¶‚̃JƒiƒŠƒ[[ƒVƒ‡ƒ“ 10usal power€ˆö‰Ê“IŒø—Í 7role theory€ˆö‰Ê–ðŠ„à 10)ells carrying gametes€”z‹ôŽqŒn—ñ‚Ì×–E 5+haracter€“Á’¥,Œ`Ž¿(•¶–¬‚É‚æ‚Á‚Ė󂵕ª‚¯‚é) istic€“Á« 1)tham island black robinƒ`ƒƒƒ^ƒ€ƒqƒ^ƒL 1in€èó(‚¨‚Æ‚ª‚¢) 10lade€ƒNƒŒ[ƒh 9istics€•ªŠòŠw 9ogram€•ªŠò} 9ssification€•ª—Þ 9oarse-grained€?Fding sequence€ƒR[ƒh”z—ñ(ƒAƒ~ƒmŽ_”z—ñ‚ðƒR[ƒh‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚éDNA”z—ñ‚Ì‚±‚Æ) 7hesion species concept€??? 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